What is the least common fingerprint pattern identified in the text?

The least common fingerprint pattern is the arch. This pattern is characterized by ridges that enter from one side of the finger, rise in the center, and exit on the opposite side, forming a wave-like appearance. While all fingerprint patterns can be found in various populations, arches are significantly less frequent compared to loops and whorls. Loops, which account for the majority of fingerprints, and whorls, which represent another common pattern, are more prevalent. Composite is not considered a standard category of fingerprint patterns like the others mentioned; therefore, it would not fit into the context of commonality. Understanding this hierarchy of fingerprint patterns is essential in forensic science and immigration enforcement, as it aids in identification processes.